What are Ceramides In Skincare?

Our body is a complex system of numerous organs and compounds working together to ensure everything runs smoothly. One of these essential components in the equation is ceramides, which are lipids or fats that make up over half of the skin’s composition. 

These lipids are found naturally in high concentrations in the epidermis or outermost layer of the skin. They play an important role in determining how the skin appears and reacts to environmental threats, which is why it’s often used to strengthen the skin’s barrier. 

Even more so than niacinamide or retinol, ceramides are considered an “anti-aging powerhouse,” containing the capacity to fulfill many of the skin’s needs to function and keep us healthy.

Importance of Ceramides

Over time, the natural aging cycle and sun damage reduce the overall effectiveness of the skin’s protective barrier, as well as its natural creation of ceramides. As the body’s supply of ceramides depletes over the years, so does the skin’s protective barrier, making us more vulnerable to pollutants and other environmental conditions. 

Ceramides are essential in helping hold the skin together and maintaining its firmness. They work to form a protective layer over the skin that decreases moisture loss and protects us from external stressors. Without ceramides, we are more susceptible to aging signs such as wrinkles, inflammation, irritation, and visible signs of dehydration. 

If ceramides or ceramide precursors (ingredients that nudge the skin into creating ceramides) are found in a skincare formula, they will be listed as active ingredients on the label. Their anti-aging capabilities and effectiveness for sensitive skin are qualities that tend to be emphasized when it is considered a resource. These formulas can also promote brain development and maintain the overall health of cell functions in the body, essentially being present in multiple areas of our internal systems to ensure they are functioning as intended. 

Types of Ceramides 

There are two primary types of ceramides to be aware of: natural and synthetic. Natural ceramides can be found on the outer layers of the skin and even in soy plants. Synthetic, or pseudo ceramides, are completely man-made. The benefit of synthetic ceramides over natural ones is their stability, which is why they are more frequently used in skincare products. 

Based on the form of sphingosine and fatty acids that come together to form ceramides, there are 12 various classes that can be categorized: 

This particular ceramide was discovered in 1982, and its unique structure is composed of its sphingosine base (“S”) and linoleic acid. In Ceramide 1, the “E” refers to the type of fatty acid that is correlated with the ingredient (Ester-linked fatty acid), and the “O” is the type of amide-linked fatty acid, Omega hydroxy fatty acid. 

When levels of this form of ceramide decrease, very dry skin may occur. The same goes for low ceramide levels of Types 2-6. It works optimally when combined with other ceramides, fatty acids, and cholesterol. 

A sphingosine-based ceramide, this type works to produce more of its ceramides when included in skincare formulas. This helps the skin further retain its moisture and strengthen its protective barrier from external substances. This form of ceramide can be derived from both natural and synthetic sources, such as yeast. 

A liquid molecule, this ceramide primarily consists of a phytosphingosine backbone that is N-acylated with a saturated fatty acid, known as “stearic acid.” In several cosmetic products, it is used as a moisturizer to retain moisture in the skin. Working particularly well with Ceramide 1, they come together to improve the skin’s barrier function.  

This ceramide accounts for over 8% of the total ceramide pool in the stratum corneum or the outermost layer of the skin’s epidermis. On a product’s ingredient level, it is typically referred to as “Ceramide 6,” based on its original INCI nomenclature. 

With its AHA-based structure, this ceramide reinforces the natural lipid barrier of the skin, especially that which more easily succumbs to dry conditions. It can also repair and protect damaged hair, helps with aging skin, and is even active in low concentrations, making it a powerful ceramide to look out for. 

Naturally found in the skin, this ceramide accounts for at least 1% of the skin’s total ceramide pool. The structure of this ceramide is an Ester-linked fatty acid, or “E.” Omega hydroxy fatty acid is the amide-linked fatty acid in the formula, the final “P” referring to the ceramide’s phytosphingosine. 

 This ceramide can be replicated as a skincare ingredient, being labeled as “Ceramide 9,” working well with other ceramides, fatty acids, and cholesterol to strengthen the skin’s barrier and improve suppleness and overall hydration. 

A sphingoid base and a fundamental building block of complex sphingolipids, this compound is abundantly found in plants, fungi, and animals. This fat naturally occurs in our body’s skin cells, containing both anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. Included in a variety of formulas for serums, creams, and toners, the fat helps to treat acne and inflammatory conditions, such as eczema. 

Forming the primary components of sphingolipids, this amino alcohol is generated by the ceramidase (CDase) in the cell’s plasma membrane, lysosomes, nucleus, and mitochondria. This compound is used by the cells to form ceramides. When you combine sphingosine alcohol with a fatty acid, you get sphingosine. 

Aside from being present in skin care products and absorbed into the body, there are other methods of reaping the benefits of ceramides. For example, oral supplements derived from beets, wheat, and rice rigorously work together to improve the skin’s hydration levels. They are also present in various supermarket foods such as soybeans, eggs, and dairy products. 

Though they can be consumed in numerous types of food, getting your entire dosage of ceramides through food isn’t the best way to experience all of its benefits. Rather, it’s best to perform a combination of activities, oral supplements, and skincare routines containing ceramide incorporated into the mix. 

Ingredients That Pair Well With Ceramides 

When paired with ceramides, vitamin C helps to further restore the skin’s supple feel and firmness. Perhaps one of the most popular skincare ingredients on the market (and for good reason), vitamin C absorbs into the skin prepared to accomplish a multitude of anti-aging tasks, such as aiding in dark spot treatment and strengthening the skin’s barrier. Our Power C Antioxidant Serum pairs well with ceramide formulas, packed with antioxidants to give your skin a well-nourished radiance boost.  

With the ability to be derived from many sources, the oily, odorless liquid, glycerin acts as a humectant when absorbed into the skin. It allows the skin to retain more moisture by attracting water from the air and entrapping it. 

When formulating glycerin and ceramides together, they not only help maintain moisture levels but work to strengthen the skin’s protective barrier, encouraging it to appear more lifted and firmer. 

Retinol is a powerful skincare ingredient utilized by many users for versatile benefits. By stimulating collagen production, reducing the overall appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and lessening breakouts and flares, it checks off several boxes in every skincare routine. 

Over time, the skin grows adjusted to retinol levels, allowing you to increase the amount you apply during each routine. During this transition and even afterward, it can help by applying a ceramide moisturizer to support the skin’s sensitivity in reacting to the retinol. 

A multipurpose ingredient used in various products, niacinamide helps diminish the appearance of dark spots, sun damage, and hyperpigmentation. It also provides extra support to the skin’s protective barrier, making the duo produce greater benefits when paired together.

Their formula further helps soothe and protect irritated or inflamed skin. It also tends to produce relatively instant results and promote long-term enhancement of the skin’s hydration levels. 

Benefits of Ceramides 

Ceramides are recommended for those of all skin types who seek effective results. Particularly for those who suffer from acne-prone skin and excessively oily skin, they can help to relieve symptoms. Unlike many skincare products, ceramide products are able to be applied near or around the eye where the skin is thinner. For the area around your eyes, these products should be confirmed to be non-irritant and fragrance-free before applying. 

When they are well-formulated and properly packaged (referring to products being dispensed in tubes or opaque bottles so they don’t lose their effectiveness over time), this ingredient is essential for skincare routines. They work to reinforce the skin’s protective barrier, ensuring you have an extra shield of enforcement for going about your daily activities. Ceramides also leave your skin looking plumper, firmer, and smoother, aging signs being a thing of the past. 

Aside from general skin benefits and anti-aging properties, ceramides have been shown to lessen the severity of various skin conditions, adding to their overall potential in the industry. 

The lipids and ceramides naturally found in the skin’s barrier work to moisturize the skin and prevent any free radicals from damaging the exterior. Incorporating further ceramides into your routine through skincare formulas will ensure your skin grows resistant to the effects of atopic dermatitis or eczema, which include uncomfortable symptoms such as dry skin, itchiness, and inflammation. 

While there is still no cure for ichthyosis, which involves a group of skin disorders causing the skin to get scaly and dry, hydrating the skin with cream, serums, and lotions rich in ceramides can help lessen symptoms. These formulas can decrease the effects of redness, itchiness, and scales while ensuring moisture continues to be trapped in the skin. 

By targeting the external factors that lead to skin irritation, ceramides work overtime to treat and prevent the skin from becoming inflamed. If treated for rosacea, a routine that popularizes ceramides can minimize swelling and flares that are brought on by the condition. These formulas are some of the best you can take advantage of when it comes to breakouts, flare-ups, and overly sensitive skin. 

Conclusion 

There’s no denying our reliance on ceramides when it comes to maintaining healthy complexions and lifestyles. Though too much of anything tends to be frowned upon, incorporating extra ceramides into your skincare collection is heavily encouraged to ensure your skin is well-protected at all times. By experiencing low ceramide levels, you are more at risk of developing certain skin conditions, such as acne, rosacea, and psoriasis. 

Ceramides are typically overlooked in skincare, hidden behind other ingredients such as vitamin C and retinol. Not only are ceramides recommended for those of all skin types, but they have the potential to work alongside several key ingredients that are most likely present in your medicine cabinet. Soon the industry will catch up to the effectiveness of fats that naturally occur in the body, so why not stay ahead of the trend?